Evaluation of Response of Different Varieties of Major Crops for Organic Farming under North Gujarat Condition

A field experiment was conducted during 2015-16 to 2021-22 at Centre for Research on IFS, S.D.A.U., Sardarkrushinagarto study the evaluation of response of different varieties of major crops for organic farming under north Gujarat condition. Total eight different varieties of each crop groundnut, wheat and green gram were taken for study during the kharif, rabi and summer season, respectively. The experiment was laid down in randomized block design with three replications. Significantly higher groundnut pod yield (1813 kg/ha) and haulm yield (2755 kg/ha) were recorded in GJG 17 (S) in pooled results and also in individual years. The significantly higher groundnut equivalent yield (2115 kg/ha), economic performance in terms of net return (82404 ₹/ha) was recorded higher in case of GJG 17 (S) as compare to other variety. In case of wheat variety, significantly higher groundnut equivalent yield (1850 kg/ha), gross return (1,18,047 ₹/ha) and net return (50,239 ₹/ha)) was recorded under GW 451, which was at par with GW 496 wheat variety. During summer season, significantly highest groundnut equivalent yield (612 kg/ha), gross return (39031 ₹/ha) and net return (9730 ₹/ha) were recorded with greengram variety GM4. There was improvement in soil nutrients status over its initial value by using the organic manure in cropping system. The percent increase in soil organic carbon was 32.6%, available nitrogen 17.3%, available phosphorus 78.9%, available potassium 5.8%.,while 21% increase in water holding capacity and 4.3% reduction in bulk density due to continuous use of organic manures as a sources. The bacterial population, actinomycetes and fungi population were increased over first year after conversion period and recorded higher in last year 2021-22 under groundnut-wheat- greengram crop sequence.