Clinical Presentation and Factors Associated to COVID-19 Disease in Mexican Patients

Objective: The objective was determining the clinical presentation and factors strongest associated to COVID-19 by age group.

Materials and Methods: A case-control study was performed. A total of 196,640 patients with laboratory-confirm SARS-CoV-2 infection and 196,640 persons without SARS-CoV-2 infection were included.

Results: The strongest signs and symptoms associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection were: in children fever (OR=1.31, CI95% 1.15-1.492), and headache (OR=1.208, CI95% 1.056-1.381). In adolescents, rhinorrhoea (OR=1.314, CI95% 1.218-1.419), myalgia (OR=1.142, CI95% 1.032-1.264), odynophagia (OR=1.151, CI95% 1.069-1.240), cough (OR=1.109, CI95% 1.032-1.192), and fever (OR=1.617, CI95% 1.501-1.742). In young-adults, rhinorrhoea (OR=1.224, CI95% 1.192-1.257), and chest pain (OR=1.076, CI95% 1.044-1.108). In older adults, polypnea (OR=1.088, CI95% 1.027-1.154), and diarrhea (OR=1.138, CI95% 1.086-1.193), and in both adults’ groups, cyanosis, malaise, arthralgia, myalgia, chills, dyspnoea, cough, and fever.

Conclusion: Clinical presentation associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection was different in each group. The strongest associated factors to predict SARS-CoV-2 infection are: smoking, obesity and diabetes.