Papulosa Nigra Dermatosis Another Factor Associated with Cardio-Vascular Diseases?

Objectives: To determine the correlation between dermatosis papulosa nigra (DPN) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Patients and Method: A retrospective study was conducted between April 2022 and March 2023 in cardiology at Loandjili General Hospital. Were included all adult patients older than 18 years of age presenting with DPN, and divided into two groups according to the presence of CVD. Hypertension (HT), endomyocardial fibrosis, dilated and restrictive cardiomyopathy, chronic pulmonary heart, ischemic heart disease, stroke, and valvular heart disease were retained as CVD. Pregnant women, Peutz Jeghers syndrome and all dermatosis with cardiovascular manifestations were excluded. Studied variables were clinico-demographic, hereditary and behavioral. Results: A total of 55 patients were selected. There were 40 patients with CVD, 15 patients without CVD, 43 women (78.1%) and 12 men (21.8%). Mean age was 52 ± 12.6 years (extremes: 22 - 85 years). There was a significant difference between age and sex (P < 0.05). There were 34 hypertensive patients, 10 patients with diabetes mellitus, 7 strokes, 2 endomyocardial fibrosis and 2 ischemic heart diseases. Periorbital location was representative was frequently found in the group with CVD. Hereditary and behavioral factors were involved in the development of DPN and CVD. There was a significant correlation between DPN and onset in childhood (P < 0.05), between hypertension and use of medication (P < 0.05), and between onset in childhood (P < 0.05) and use of mercury containing soap (P < 0.05). Conclusion: DPN predominates in young women. The occurrence of CVD depends on DPN location. Hereditary and behavioral factors associated with development of DPN are CVD factor risks.