An Overview of the Research and Application of Various Activated Carbons and Ash Used in Water Purification Technology

Water is an essential gift that nature gives to all living individual. In order to keep all life safe on earth, it is necessary to keep the amount of water in the body adequate and sufficient at all times. Water pollution is increasing as a result of various factors such as population growth, large-scale urbanization, deforestation, and unfair activities in rivers and other water sources. Various experts have worked on the production of activated carbon from renewable energy. This comprises cost-effective technology and products in an eco-friendly way for a variety of uses. This review article discusses the various methods used by experts to develop activated carbon in order to minimize water pollution. Peanut shells, Moringa oleifera seeds, Coconut shells, Rice husk, Lemon peel, Pomegranate peel and Banana peel are all excellent raw materials for treating polluted water. It was demonstrated that pollutants such as pH, colour, DO, conductivity, turbidity, chloride, fluoride, TSS, TDS, BOD, COD, nitrate, phosphate, heavy metals, and total coliforms can be isolated from water using physical, mechanical, and biological techniques.