Importance of Carotenoids and Phytoestrogens in Gonad Maturity of Various Types of Fish

Aims: The purpose of this article is to examine the potential for adding combinations of carotenoids and phytoestrogen in their feed to the maturity of gonads of different kinds of fish. The method of writing used is the library study, with the journal search stages, journal selection, journal analysis, and journal synthesis. Based on the review of several related journals. The presence of carotenoids and of estrogen in the reproductive process of fish is highly profitable. The carotenoid compound, which is a provitamin a, will help in the development of oocytes primarily with the accumulation of vitellogenin and maintaining fatty acids in the oocytes. Meanwhile, the presence of phytogenic that have structures like endogenous estradiol will assist in synthesizing and producing vitellogenin in the liver. So the size of oocytes would accelerate and impact the rapid ripening of the fish. After a maximum Estrogen measure, a full-flesh-based phytoestrogen will act like a hoflavon to give a MIH signal to be received by the surface of oocyte then passes to the cytoplasm to encourage maturation promoting factor (MPF) that causes germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) to the fish's egg. The presence of easily obtained carotenoids and phytoestrogen provided potential additives.

Conclusion: The combination of carotenoids and phytoestrogens in feed has the potential to make a considerable contribution to gonadal maturity and reproduction in fish.