To Assess the Outcome of Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients with Acute ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Objective: Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the contemporary standard for the management of acute ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI). A few life-threatening complications are associated with primary percutaneous coronary interventions (pPCIs). Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the outcomes of primary percutaneous coronary interventions in patients with acute ST elevation Myocardial infarction.

Study Design: Descriptive Case Series

Place and Duration: Department of Cardiology, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Karachi, between March 2019 and September 2019

Methodology: Patients were selected using non-probability, consecutive sampling technique who fulfilled inclusion criteria. A total of 547 patients of both genders with aged 40 to 70 years presented with acute ST-Segment elevation myocardial infarction were included in the study. Frequency and percentages were calculated for gender, hypertension, diabetic mellitus, dyslipidemia, family history of ischemic heart disease, smoking, and outcome variables i.e. acute stent thrombosis, stroke, atrial fibrillation and mortality. Chi-square test or fisher exact test was applied for association.

Results: The study results showed that out of 547 patients, 389(71.1%) were males and 158(28.9%) were females Their mean age was 61.4±11.3 years, mean weight was 69.2±8.5 kg, mean height was 1.61±1.30 meters and mean BMI was 25.4±3.5 kg/m2. Outcome of PCI showed, 6 (1.1%) patients had acute stent thrombosis, 5 (0.9%) had stroke, 14 (2.5%) had atrial fibrillation, in-hospital mortality was documented in 8 (1.5%). An insignificant association was observed between outcomes of PCI and comorbidities (hypertension, Diabetes and Dyslipidemia), age group, gender, body mass index, past history of IHD and smoking.

Conclusion: This study concluded that atrial fibrillation was commonly observed outcome of percutaneous coronary intervention followed by in-hospital mortality and acute stent thrombosis among patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction. Furthermore, atrial fibrillation was significantly associated with comorbidities (such as diabetes and dyslipidemia).